Dryden's Essay On Dramatic Poesy

 This blog is a part of Bridge Course : Dryden's Essay on Dramatic Poesy given by Dr. Dilip Barad Sir.

• Comparative Analysis of Tragedy and    Play: Ancient and Modern Perspectives. 

Introduction:

The world of theater has been enriched by numerous theories and definitions over time. Among the most influential are Aristotle's definition of tragedy and John Dryden's concept of play. This blog post will explore the differences between these definitions, discuss whether I align more with Ancient or Modern perspectives, evaluate arguments for and against French versus English plays, and share my preference for poetic versus prosaic dialogues in plays.

• Aristotle's Definition of Tragedy vs. Dryden's Definition of Play

Aristotle's definition of tragedy, presented in his seminal work Poetics, emphasizes the importance of plot, character, and the evocation of pity and fear to achieve catharsis. Aristotle outlines tragedy as a serious and complete action that, through incidents arousing pity and fear, brings about a catharsis of such emotions. This classical view stresses unity of time, place, and action, and the moral dimension of characters' fates.

In contrast, John Dryden's definition of play, articulated in his critical essays, expands the concept to accommodate a broader range of dramatic works. Dryden's approach includes both tragedy and comedy, reflecting a more flexible and inclusive understanding of dramatic literature. He acknowledges the value of mixing genres and emphasizes the importance of the playwright's intent and the audience's reception. Dryden's definition also highlights the role of language and wit in shaping a play's impact, marking a shift from Aristotle's rigid criteria.

• Ancients vs. Moderns: Personal Preference

If I were to choose between the Ancients and the Moderns, I would side with the Moderns. While Aristotle's emphasis on catharsis and unity is foundational and offers a rigorous framework for tragedy, the Moderns' flexibility and innovation reflect the evolving nature of dramatic art. Dryden's inclusive approach allows for greater creative freedom and acknowledges the diverse ways in which plays can engage and entertain audiences. This adaptability resonates with contemporary tastes and the dynamic nature of modern theater.

• French Plays vs. English Plays:       Evaluating the Arguments

Arguments in favor of French plays and against English plays often focus on aspects like the portrayal of death, duel fights with blunted swords, representation of large armies, mingling of tones, and multiple plots. French plays, with their emphasis on formal structure and decorum, are sometimes critiqued for their stylized portrayals of violence and grand scenes that are not always practical on stage. Conversely, English plays, particularly those from the Elizabethan era, often embraced a more realistic and dynamic approach, with vivid depictions of death and complex, intertwined plots.

The criticism of French plays for their stylized elements, such as blunted swords in duels, may overlook their artistic intent and the conventions of the time. Similarly, while English plays might blend serious and comic tones more freely, this often contributes to a richer, more layered dramatic experience. The effectiveness of these elements depends on the playwright's skill and the production's execution, rather than a blanket preference for one style over the other.

• Poetic vs. Prosaic Dialogues in Plays:

Regarding poetic versus prosaic dialogues, I prefer poetic dialogues. Poetic language in plays often enhances the emotional depth and lyrical beauty of the text, allowing for a more evocative and memorable theatrical experience. The rhythmic and stylistic qualities of poetry can elevate themes and characters, making the dialogue more impactful and resonant. While prosaic dialogues can be effective for their clarity and realism, poetic dialogues offer a unique aesthetic and emotional power that enriches the overall dramatic experience.

Conclusion:

In summary, the definitions of tragedy and play by Aristotle and Dryden offer valuable insights into the evolution of dramatic theory. While the Ancients provide a foundational understanding of tragedy, the Moderns' adaptability reflects the changing nature of theater. Evaluating French and English plays reveals that both styles have their merits, and the choice between poetic and prosaic dialogues ultimately depends on the desired effect and aesthetic of the play. The diversity in dramatic approaches highlights the richness of the theatrical tradition and the enduring relevance of both classical and modern perspectives.